Putin: I’ll use force if I have to

Putin has told troops to return to their bases after calling a snap drill to check their battle-readiness.

Combative ... President Vladimir Putin answers journalists' questions on the current situation in Ukraine. Source: AP

• Russian troops fire warning shots in Crimea
• Putin says he will use force if required
• US Secretary of State John Kerry arrives in Kiev
• Kerry to offer $1 billion in subsidies to Ukraine

RUSSIAN President Vladimir Putin has said Moscow reserves the right to use all means to protect Russians in Ukraine as US Secretary of State John Kerry arrived in Kiev to offer a $US1 billion ($1.12 billion) energy subsidy package.

Mr Kerry arrived as the Ukraine government grapples with a Russian military takeover of Crimea, a strategic, mostly pro-Russian region in the country's southeast, and as Mr Putin said he wouldn't be deterred by economic sanctions imposed punitively by the West.

Tensions remained high in Crimea with troops loyal to Moscow firing warning shots to ward off protesting Ukrainian soldiers.

In his first comments since Ukraine President Viktor Yanukovych fled Kiev, Mr Putin said he considers him to still be Ukraine's leader, and hopes that Russia won't need to use force in predominantly Russian-speaking eastern Ukraine.

He rejected the Western threat to punish Russia with sanctions over its action in Ukraine, saying they will backfire against the West.

Flexing their muscles ... Russia's President Vladimir Putin (front C) and Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu (front L) walk to watch military exercises. Source: AFP

Earlier Tuesday, the Kremlin said Mr Putin had ordered tens of thousands of Russian troops participating in military exercises near Ukraine's border to return to their bases. The massive military exercise in western Russia involving 150,000 troops, hundreds of tanks and dozens of aircraft was supposed to wrap up anyway, so it was not clear if Mr Putin's move was an attempt to heed the West's call to de-escalate the crisis that has put Ukraine's future on the line.

It came as Mr Kerry was on his way to Kiev to meet with the new Ukrainian leadership that deposed a pro-Russian president, and has accused Moscow of a military invasion in Crimea. The Kremlin, which does not recognise the new Ukrainian leadership, insists it made the move in order to protect Russian installations and its citizens living there.

On Tuesday, Russian troops who had taken control of the Belbek air base in the Crimea region fired warning shots into the air as around 300 Ukrainian soldiers, who previously manned the airfield, demanded their jobs back.

About a dozen Russian soldiers at the base warned the Ukrainians, who were marching unarmed, not to approach. They fired several warning shots into the air and said they would shoot the Ukrainians if they continued to march toward them.

The shots reflected tensions running high in the Black Sea peninsula since Russian troops — estimated by Ukrainian authorities to be 16,000 strong -tightened their grip over the weekend on the Crimean peninsula, where Moscow's Black Sea Fleet is based.

Ukraine has accused Russia of violating a bilateral agreement on conditions of a Russian lease of a naval base in Crimea that restricts troop movements, but Russia has argued that it was acting within the limits set by the deal.

On edge ... a woman passes by Ukrainian recruits receiving military instructions in Kiev's Independence Square. Source: AP

Russia's ambassador to the United Nations, Vitaly Churkin, said Monday at the UN Security Council that Russia was entitled to deploy up to 25,000 troops in Crimea under the agreement. Churkin didn't specify how many Russian troops are now stationed in Crimea, but said that "they are acting in a way they consider necessary to protect their facilities and prevent extremist actions."

Mr Churkin said that Russia wasn't trying to ensure the return to power of Mr Yanukovych, but still considers him the legitimate leader of Ukraine and demands the implementation of a Western-sponsored peace deal he signed with the opposition that set presidential elections for December. Russian envoy at those talks did not sign the deal. Mr Yanukovych fled the capital hours after the deal was signed and ended up in Russia, and the Ukrainian parliament set the presidential vote for May 25.

There was no sign of tensions elsewhere in Crimea early on Tuesday. A supposed Russian ultimatum for two Ukrainian warships to surrender or be seized passed without action from either side, as the two ships remained anchored in the Crimean port of Sevastopol. Russian Defence Ministry spokesman Vladimir Anikin said late Monday that no ultimatum had been issued.

Unflattering comparison ... a woman walks in front of poster in Kiev depicting Russian President Vladimir Putin as Adolf Hitler and with the words "Hands off Ukraine". Source: AFP

Early on Tuesday, the Kremlin said Mr Putin ordered troops participating in military exercises alongside Russia's western border to return to their permanent bases. The order was in line with an earlier plan to complete the exercise early this week.

The manoeuvres, which Mr Putin ordered on Wednesday involved scrambling fighter jets to patrol Russia's western frontiers and stoked fears that the Kremlin might send troops into Russian-speaking regions in eastern Ukraine.

In Brussels, meanwhile, the ambassadors of NATO's 28 member nations will hold a second emergency meeting on Ukraine on Tuesday after Poland, which borders both Russia and Ukraine, invoked an article calling for consultations when a nation sees its "territorial integrity, political independence or security threatened," the alliance said in a statement.

US President Barack Obama has said that Russia is "on the wrong side of history" in Ukraine and its actions violate international law. Obama said the US was considering economic and diplomatic options that will isolate Russia, and called on Congress to work on an aid package for Ukraine.

Hostile greeting ... a soldier under Russian command aims a rocket-propelled grenade launcher at a group of over 100 hundred unarmed Ukrainian troops who appeared at the Belbek air base. Source: Getty Images

In return, Russia's agricultural oversight agency issued a statement Tuesday declaring the reversal of its earlier decision to lift the ban on imports of US pork. It said the existing US system of checks don't guarantee its safety.

Mr Putin's economic adviser, Sergei Glazyev, said that Russia can develop financial ties with other nations to offset any potential Western sanctions.

The European Union's foreign ministers on Monday threatened Moscow with halting talks on visa liberalisation and negotiations on further economic cooperation unless Russian troops on the Crimean peninsula pull back over the next three days.

The bloc's 28 heads of state and government will hold an emergency meeting on the situation in Ukraine on Thursday that will decide on imposing the sanctions if there is no de-escalation on the ground, EU foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton said.

Remembering the dead ... a man wearing camouflage uniform holds a candle during the funeral of Volodymyr Topiy, 59, who was found burned in the house of trade unions in Kiev's Independence Square during recent clashes with police. Source: AP

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